Vasectomy in dogs
Introduction Vasectomy in dogs is a surgical technique in which the vas deferens, the ducts that carry sperm from the testicles to the urethra, are cut, tied, or sealed. This
Neutering in Dog
Introduction Neutering refers to ovariohysterectomy (OHE) (surgical removal of the ovaries and uterus), ovariectomy (OVE) (surgical removal of the ovaries alone), and orchiectomy (surgical removal of the testicles). It is
Vaccination in dogs
Introduction Vaccination in dogs is necessary for avoiding infectious diseases. Vaccines trigger an immune response, providing complete or partial protection against various illnesses. Since effective antiviral treatments are limited, vaccinations