Helminthology

Introduction Taenia spp. are parasitic cestodes (tapeworms) that infect both animals and humans, leading to significant veterinary and public health concerns. These parasites primarily inhabit the small intestine of their

Introduction Liver fluke in animals  Fasciola is a genus of parasitic trematodes (flukes) that cause fascioliasis in various animals, particularly ruminants like cattle and sheep. This liver fluke infection leads

 Introduction Ostertagia in animals is a genus of parasitic nematodes that primarily affect ruminants, causing severe parasitic gastritis. This condition is particularly prevalent in temperate climates and subtropical regions with